Tuesday, November 13, 2012

Components of Conventional Power Plant


The principal items of conventional or steam power plant are the boiler and the turbine. For these units a number of auxiliary units are also required.  A boiler uses coal, oil or gas as the fuel.  For this purpose, the fuel is stored in the coolant, a fuel handing plant is necessary to maintain a regular supply of fuel to the boiler.  This may again involved a number of smaller units.

Since the total weight of the fuel is not decomposed during combustion in the furnace while firing the boiler, thus a certain percentage of the fuel is collected as waste.  In case of coal fired boiler, almost 10-15% of the total weight of coal fired is collected in the form of ash.  Thus a station using 200,000 tonnes of coal/annum will produce in the average about 25,000 tonnes of ash. Such a huge quantity of ash from the furnace requires an ash handing equipment which will transfer ash from boiler furnace to ash storage.

Besides, air heaters may be used in plant to make use of the heat of flue gases which are always at elevated temperature.  Flue gases go to the atmosphere through the chimney, induced or forced draft fans may be used to create the necessary draft.
Steam from the boiler is supplied to the turbine where it expands thereby doing work.  Exhaust steam is passed to the condenser where it is condensed.  The condensate (i.e. H20) is pumped to the boiler by passing through high and low pressure heaters.
Condensers use H2O for condensing steam. H2O at the outlet of the condenser is relatively hot and may be cooled in the cooling tower and then recirculated.
Turbine is couple to the generator.  Output of the generator is supplied to consumer is relatively hot and may be cooled in the cooling tower and then recalculated.
Turbine is coupled to the generator.  Output of the generator is supplied to consumers through circuit breakers, transformers etc.

No comments:

Post a Comment

Note: Only a member of this blog may post a comment.